COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BUILDING BYE-LAWS IN PAKISTAN: AN EXAMINATION OF REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

Building bye-laws or regulations are a noiseless protector to the general public. These are mostly not well recognized unless a situation arises where regulations are felt inadequate or not enforced. In Lahore, some authorities are present to effectively implement building by-laws and zoning regulations. This study undertakes a comprehensive comparative analysis of building bye-laws across major cities in Pakistan, examining the regulatory frameworks governing urban development. The research investigates variations in bye-laws related to building height, setbacks, plot coverage, parking requirements, and safety standards. A comparative assessment of bye-laws in Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad, and Peshawar reveals significant discrepancies, impacting urban planning, infrastructure, and public safety. The study identifies inconsistencies in enforcement, leading to unauthorized constructions, environmental degradation, and increased risk of natural disasters. The analysis highlights best practices from international jurisdictions and recommends harmonization of bye-laws, enhanced enforcement mechanisms, and community engagement. This research contributes to the discourse on urban governance in Pakistan, informing policymakers and stakeholders on the need for standardized, effective, and citizen-centric building regulations.