Christianity in Sub Continent with The Reference of Muslims and British Rule Time

Abstract

The advent and evolution of Christianity in the Indian subcontinent represent a complex historical narrative shaped by cultural, religious, and political dynamics, particularly during the era of British colonial rule. This study explores the trajectory of Christianity with specific reference to the interaction between Christian missions, Muslim communities, and the colonial administration. The research highlights that while Christian presence in the region predates colonialism—traced back to early missionary efforts and trade routes—it was during the British rule (1858–1947) that Christianity witnessed significant institutional expansion. The British colonial government, while officially maintaining religious neutrality, facilitated Christian missionary activities through socio-educational reforms and administrative privileges. This often led to tensions and resistance among Muslim populations who perceived missionary endeavors as a threat to their religious and cultural identity. The paper further examines the strategies employed by Christian missionaries in education, healthcare, and print media, and the corresponding responses from Muslim scholars, reformers, and political leaders. Ultimately, the research argues that the inter-religious engagements during this period not only shaped communal relations but also contributed to the broader discourse on religious freedom, identity, and colonial modernity in South Asia.