اقبال کا تصورِ خودی: اسلامی فکر، اردو و فارسی شاعری کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Iqbal's Concept of Khudi: An Analytical Study in the Context of Islamic Thought, Urdu and Persian Poetry

Abstract

This research focuses on the concept of Khudi (selfhood) as presented by Allama Muhammad Iqbal, examining it through the lenses of Islamic thought and his poetic expression in both Urdu and Persian. Iqbal’s notion of Khudi is central to his philosophical and poetic works and is deeply rooted in Qur'anic principles, Islamic metaphysics, and Sufi thought. The study explores how Iqbal redefines the self not as an egoistic identity but as a spiritual force capable of growth, elevation, and nearness to God through self-realization, love, action, and moral integrity.By employing an analytical approach, the research evaluates the evolution of Khudi in Iqbal's major poetic works such as Asrar-e-Khudi, Rumuz-e-Bekhudi, Bang-e-Dra, and Payam-e-Mashriq. It also examines how Iqbal utilized both Urdu and Persian as complementary mediums to articulate complex spiritual and philosophical ideas to different audiences — Persian for a broader Muslim ummah, and Urdu for the Indian subcontinent.The study further investigates how Iqbal’s Khudi is a response to the sociopolitical decay of the Muslim world and serves as a call for inner awakening and active participation in shaping a dignified, independent Muslim identity. The research draws on both classical Islamic sources and modern interpretations to contextualize Iqbal’s vision within the larger framework of Islamic revivalist thought.This exploration enhances the understanding of Iqbal’s contribution to Islamic intellectual tradition, poetry, and modern Muslim consciousness.