TRANSNATIONAL ORGANISED CRIME AND SECURITY THREATS IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

This study investigates the complex relationship between transnational organized crime (TOC) and security threats in Pakistan. It examines how criminal networks operating across borders, including drug trafficking, human smuggling, arms trade, and money laundering, exacerbate security challenges within the country. Pakistan’s strategic location, with its proximity to conflict zones, porous borders, and global illicit trade routes, makes it a focal point for transnational criminal activity. The research explores the impact of TOC on Pakistan’s national security, societal stability, and governance, while also assessing the role of state and non-state actors in perpetuating or countering these threats. By analyzing case studies, examining policy responses, and evaluating regional cooperation, the study highlights the need for comprehensive security strategies and international collaboration to address the multifaceted nature of organized crime in Pakistan. The findings underscore the urgency of strengthening law enforcement, intelligence-sharing mechanisms, and regional cooperation to mitigate the adverse effects of TOC on Pakistan’s security landscape.